Innovating to address the fuel cell cost challenge. The gases are supplied via manifolds and, in the case of air, through alumina dip tubes protruding deep into the fuel cell tubes. Search, discover and share your favorite fuel cell gifs. The typical layer cell is usually only a few millimeters thick. Fuelcell software is designed to control or monitor virtually all of the parameters of an operating pem type fuel cell or stack and perform a wide variety of experiments. Solid oxide fuel cells sofc solid oxide fuel cells,whether flat planar or in a tubular formation, work on the same principles. A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction of positively charged hydrogen ions with oxygen or another oxidizing agent. Solid oxide fuel cells sofcs lunds tekniska hogskola.
Current fuel cell designs are about 60% efficient, on par with many power plants, but also have the potential to climb to 80% or higher 12. Solidoxide fuel cell connected to threephase electrical power system open model this example shows a model of a solid oxide fuel cell sofc which can be utilized in specialized power systems. Solid oxide fuel cell manufacturing overview author. I thought it was time we opened a discussion forum that could be the meeting place for global thermoelectric and ballard posters to debate the great fuel cell race.
Scientists have known about fuel cells for more than a century, and nasa actually used them in the 1960s on the apollo spacecraft, and then later on the space shuttle. Ppt sofc technology powerpoint presentation free to. Ceramic materials for solid oxide fuel cells intechopen. Learn more about water emissions from fuel cell vehicles. In addition the sofc system is significantly less sensitive to impurities in the fuel such as sulphur throughout the reforming process, increasing the efficiency and dependency of. This fuel cell animation demonstrates how a fuel cell uses hydrogen to produce electricity, with only water and heat as byproducts. This show helps to bring together researchers from all over the world together to discuss the latest news and research going into the development of solid oxide fuel cell technologies.
Heat generated within the cell brings the air up to the operating temperature. These fuel cells are small and quiet enough for household use, unlike combustion turbines. Any co in the reformate gas is oxidized to co 2 at the anode. Solid oxide fuel cells sofc dr waldemar bujalski senior research fellow. The system itself consists of a porous anode and cathode that are separated by an ion. A solid oxide fuel cell sofc is an electrochemical device to directly convert the chemical energy of a fuel into electricity at temperatures from 500 to c. The amount of power produced by a fuel cell depends on several factors, including fuel cell type, cell size, temperature at which it operates, and pressure at which the gases are supplied to the cell.
Mechanical and thermal pack integration into the vehicle feature with low cost design, performance, serviceability, energy efficiency and recyclability. As an independent market leader in battery technology, avl offers a full package of innovative tailored solutions to address the challenge of clean emobility. There are a few problems with the flat plate design when used for larger devices. The fuel cell simulation toolbox openfcst is an opensource mathematical modelling package for polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Positive sunfire 50 kw sofc for shipintegrated fuel cell project in germany the shipintegrated fuel cell schibz project in germany has achieved an important milestone, with the delivery to thyssenkrupp marine systems of an initial solid oxide fuel. A solid oxide fuel cell consists of 4 layers cells, 3 of which are ceramics. Drawing of a solid oxide cell solid oxide fuel cells sofc use a hard, ceramic compound of metal like calcium or zirconium oxides chemically, o 2 as electrolyte. Nexceris fuelcellmaterials division is participating in the biennial sofcxvi international symposium this september 8 in kyoto, japan.
Ge fuel cells revolutionary 65% system efficiency scalable. Doitpoms tlp library fuel cells electrode materials. Sofcs operate in a slightly different manner from polymer exchange membrane fuel cells. Air and unused fuel from the anode exhaust mix are instantly. Fuel cell animation text version department of energy. The information in this document is the property of lg fuel cell systems inc. In principle, fuel cells can be considered as batteries that convert chemical energy to electricity without combustion, but instead through electrochemical reactions. Our dedicated products and services cover the entire battery development process from the assessment and selection of a single cell to sop of a fully validated battery pack. Fuelcell software is the most popular software in use worldwide for fuel cell research and development. A solid oxide fuel cell is an electrochemical device that produces electrical energy by oxidizing fuel. An electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy to electrical energy without being consumed most often used for stationary purposes especially sofcs can run on either h. Advantages of this class of fuel cells include high combined heat and power efficiency, longterm. Fuel cells have not been particularly known for their practicality and affordability, but that may have just changed. Sofc vrs pem fuel cells debate forum stock discussion.
The metallic interconnects also function as electrical connectors when current is flowing through the sofc. The choice of these seven fuel cell types was essentially based on. The solid oxide fuel cell sofc is a type of fuel cell that works best providing energy to stationary power plants. Sofc solid oxide fuel cell since 1990, kerafol is involved in the field of the sofc technology. Tubular designs have been developed to solve these problems see animation below. It is technology independent and may also be used with dmfc, pafc, mcfc or sofc type fuel cells. The air then flows through the fuel cell backup to the open end. We present a novel solid oxide fuel cell sofc with hollow electrodes and loose plates help which. Fuel utilization and fuel sensitivity of solid oxide fuel. Miniaturized solid oxide fuel cells microsofcs are being extensively studied as a promising alternative to li batteries for next generation portable power. Ceramic materials for solid oxide fuel cells, advances in ceramics synthesis and characterization, processing and specific applications, costas sikalidis, intechopen, doi.
Fuelcell and fcview for windows scribner associates. Solid oxide fuel cells,whether flat planar or in a tubular formation, work on the same principles. Fuel cell technology fuel flows along the outside of the tube, air is fed through a thin alumina air supply tube located centrally. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles emit approximately the same amount of water per mile as conventional vehicles powered by internal combustion engines. Aug 06, 2016 an electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy to electrical energy without being consumed most often used for stationary purposes especially sofcs can run on either h.
May 20, 20 oxygen o2 and hydrogen h2 migrate into the fuel cell. Openfcst builds on top of the opensource finite element libraries deal. Electronic conductivity and tec of several solid oxide fuel cell cathodes adapted from florio et al. Intended mainly for stationary applications with an output of 1 kw and larger. Ii, therefore many of its requirements in terms of operating systems and such are the same as for deal. Chapter 7 materials for solidoxide fuel cells sofcs 1 chapter 7 materials for solidoxide fuel cells sofcs 2 fuel cell background. Both air and fuel are introduced to the fuel cell via manifolds not shown. An sofc operates at a very high temperature, around 1,290 1,830 degrees fahrenheit 7001,000 degrees celsius.
Solid oxide fuel cell sofc explained with animation. Overview presentation hydrogen and fuel cell technical advisory committee. By applying its hightemperature exhaust heat to gas turbine gt combinedcycle power generation, an extremely highefficiency thermal power system can be constructed, with a power generation efficiency of up to 70%. From materials to system modeling energy and environment series 9781849736541. A special type of fuel cell, the solidoxide fuel cell sofc, may be able to raise efficiency to 8590%. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc explained with animation on make. Extremely highefficiency thermal power systemsolid oxide. Chapter 7 materials for solidoxide fuel cells sofcs. This text version of the fuel cell animation demonstrates how a fuel cell uses hydrogen to produce electricity, with only water and heat as byproducts. In the late nineteenth century, conduction was not yet understood. A solid oxide fuel cell sofc is a device that converts chemical energy from a fuel, such as hydrogen or methane, into electricity via a series of electrochemical reactions. One of the characteristic advantages of solid oxide fuel cell sofc is its excellent fuel flexibility. The electrical work in these reactions is directly converted due to the large fraction of the enthalpy associated with the electrochemical oxidation of the fuel into water. Sofc technology 1 sofc technology 2 solid oxide fuel cells.
Fuel cells are characterized by their electrolyte material. Introduction a fuel cell is a device that uses hydrogen or hydrogenrich fuel and oxygen to create electricity. Solid oxide fuel cells presentation linkedin slideshare. They can have efficiencies of over 60% when converting fuel to electricity. This file is in mp4 format and can easily be inserted into powerpoint presentations, videos or shown separately. Solid oxide fuel cell animation solid oxide fuel cell animation the proton exchange membrane fuel cell this animation shows the process that goes on inside an individual fuel cell what is a fuel cell and how does it work fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert a fuels chemical energy directly to electrical energy with high efficiency. Download a 3d animation of a solid oxide fuel cell that uses hydrogen fuel to produce electricity. Solidoxide fuel cell connected to threephase electrical. Temperatures of operation are typically 8001,000 c. A solid oxide fuel cell sofc is a fuel cell that can operate at high temperature. Sofc vrs pem fuel cells debate forum stock discussion forums.
The animation consists of four parts an introduction, fuel cell components, chemical process, and fuel cell stack. The oxygen molecules migrate to the catalyst where the anode strips some of their electrons. The fuel and air channels are separated by gdls and by the electrolyte layer. Nov 16, 2015 current fuel cell designs are about 60% efficient, on par with many power plants, but also have the potential to climb to 80% or higher 12. Performance predictions in solid oxide fuel cells sciencedirect. Hundreds of these cells are then connected in series to form a solid oxide fuel cell sofc stack. Doitpoms tlp library fuel cells solid oxide fuel cells. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Solid oxide fuel cells sofcs are promising electrochemical power generation devices that can convert chemical energy of a fuel into electricity in an. A novel sofc type fuel cell, invented by jaspers and van dongen.
One of the most efficient types of fuel cells is the solid oxide fuel cell sofc. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc 3d animation 1 captain corrosion. This example shows a model of a solid oxide fuel cell sofc which can be utilized in specialized power systems. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc explained with animation on. Theres a new cell that runs on cheap fuel at temperatures comparable to automobile engines and which slashes materials costs. Finally, a robust fuel cell that runs on methane at. These systems can incorporate an internal fuel reformer in the design, which uses heat from the fuel cell to convert natural gas directly into a hydrogen rich fuel. In general, oxygen ions, which are negatively charged, are conducted through the solid oxide electrolyte from the cathode to the anode. Efficiency is about 60 percent, and operating temperatures are about 1,000 c about 1,800 f.
Conventional fuels such as natural gas, hydrogen, coal gas, legacy fluid fuels, and biomassderived renewable fuels all have the potential or have been demonstrated to be efficiently consumed by a sofc in a direct or indirect manner. Learn more about teaching climate literacy and energy awareness. Unless new technology surfaces within the next couple of years one of these two companies will be left standing and reaping the rew. The sofc cathode must meet the requirements of high catalytic activity for oxygen molecule dissociation and oxygen reduction, high electronic conductivity, chemical and dimensional stability fig. May 28, 2017 a solid oxide fuel cell is an electrochemical device that produces electrical energy by oxidizing fuel. Solid oxide fuel cells work at very high temperatures, the highest of all the fuel cell types at around 800. Oxygen o2 and hydrogen h2 migrate into the fuel cell. C due to the high operating temperature of sofcs, they have no need for expensive catalyst. Fuel cell technology two different design configurations are being developed for solid oxide fuel cells, motivated by 1 considerations of how to seal the anode and cathode compartments, 2 ease of manufacturing, and 3 minimizing losses due to electric resistance. In addition to the key components, being electrolyte substrates and electrolyte supported cells, kerafol also produces glass sealing tapes for stacks. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc a type of fuel cell in which the electrolyte is a solid, nonporous metal oxide, typically zirconium oxide zro 2 treated with y 2 o 3, and o 2.
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